Scientists from the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology have created a groundbreaking, 3D-printed, fungal battery made from fungi and cellulose.
This innovative device combines yeast, a type of white-rot fungus, and cellulose to form electrically conductive inks. These inks are 3D-printed into electrodes, creating a sustainable energy source that could replace traditional batteries in certain applications.
What Makes This 3D-Printed Biodegradable Fungal Battery Unique?

The fungal battery is technically a microbial fuel cell (MFC), a device that generates electricity using living organisms. In contrast to traditional MFCs, which typically use bacteria or algae, the researchers chose to innovate by experimenting with yeast and white-rot fungus.
Building a Fungal Battery
The team didn’t stop with the electrodes. They used beeswax and a specially designed cellulose membrane to create a battery that’s biodegradable from start to finish. This prototype bio battery produces between 300 and 600 millivolts and can run for several days. During tests, four connected batteries powered a small temperature sensor for 65 hours.
Designed for Remote and Eco-Friendly Applications
One of the coolest features of this fungal battery is its portability. The fungi in the hydrogel can survive in a dried state, making them easy to transport. To activate the battery, all you need is water and some sugar. This makes it a great option for powering devices in remote areas.
A Greener Solution for the Future
This fungal battery offers an exciting alternative to traditional batteries for eco-conscious and off-grid living applications. By harnessing the power of fungi, the team has taken a big step toward sustainable electronics that won’t add to the growing e-waste problem.
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References
Reyes C, Fivaz E, Sajó Z, et al. 3D printed cellulose-based fungal battery. ACS Sustain Chem Eng. 2024
Lottie, L, Swiss scientists have taught fungi to generate electricity. How do mushroom batteries work?
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